While it’s tough to accept, understanding how to extend your dog’s life can make a big difference.

Below, you'll find helpful advice to improve your dog's quality of life and potentially increase their years with you.

The Impact of Breed, Size, and Other Factors

According to Dr. Bethany Hsia, DVM, and co-founder of CodaPet, factors such as breed, size, genetics, diet, exercise, and veterinary care all affect a dog’s lifespan.

Dogs like Bobi, a medium-sized Rafeiro do Alentejo from Portugal, broke records by living to 31 years old, which is roughly 139 in human years. But, this is rare.

Dog Breeds with the Longest Lifespans

Certain dog breeds are known for living well into their teens or even into their 20s. Here are some long-lived breeds:

• Chihuahua:14–16 years
• Shiba Inu: 13–16 years
• Pinscher miniature: 12–16 years
• Pomeranians: 12–16 years
• Australian Cattle Dogs: 12–16 years 
• Shih Tzu: 10–18 years

Does Size Impact Lifespan?

Yes, it does! Smaller dogs often outlive larger breeds by several years, with an average lifespan of 10–15 years compared to 8–12 years for larger breeds.

"Smaller dogs simply don't burn through energy as quickly as larger dogs do, which means their body doesn't have to work as hard to maintain their health," says Dr. Hsia. Larger dogs are also more prone to heart disease and joint issues, which can cut their lives short.

In some cases, older large breeds may face issues like incontinence or mobility problems, which can lead to a difficult quality of life.

Mixed-breed dogs can live longer than purebreds, largely because they’re less likely to inherit specific genetic issues that affect certain purebred lines.

How to Extend Your Dog’s Life

Though we can’t control everything, like genetics or breed, there are a few steps you can take to give your dog a longer and healthier life. Dr. Hsia shares her top tips below.

1. Provide a Healthy Diet

Just like people, dogs need a nutritious and balanced diet to stay healthy. Make sure to feed them high-quality food appropriate for their age, size, and health needs. Watch their portion sizes to avoid obesity, which can lead to serious health issues.

2. Keep Your Dog Active

Exercise is crucial for your dog's overall health. Staying active helps keep their joints flexible, their mind stimulated, and their weight under control, all of which contribute to a longer, healthier life.

3. Get Regular Vet Care

Regular checkups are important to catch any potential health problems early. Make sure your dog stays up-to-date on vaccinations and preventive treatments for heartworm, fleas, and ticks.

4. Maintain Good Dental Health

Dental issues can lead to major problems for your dog, like heart disease. Regular brushing, dental chews, and professional cleanings can help keep their teeth and gums in great shape, promoting their overall well-being.

5. Avoid Harmful Chemicals

Be cautious about substances and foods that can be toxic to your dog. Keep dangerous items out of their reach and seek immediate medical attention if they show any signs of poisoning.

6. Give Your Dog Mental Exercise

Mental stimulation is just as important as physical exercise. Puzzle toys, training sessions, and social interaction can help keep your dog mentally sharp and happy, which contributes to their overall health and longevity.